نشریه روانشناسی بالینی و شخصیت
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1393)

This survey was conducted aiming at determining effectiveness of attention-oriented games on memory performance and learning of preschool children with learning neuropsychological disabilities. This is experimental survey and was conducted based on pre-test and post-test with control group. For this purpose, 20 neuropsychological-disability children were selected through multi-stage random sampling among five-to-six year old children in Isfahan. These children were randomly categorized in control and test groups. Attention-oriented games were done on test group. The applied tools were Conners neuropsychological diagnostic test and Ryan preschool scale of intelligence. The data were analyzed by Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).
Findings showed that attention-oriented games can influence memory performance and learning of preschool children with learning neuropsychological disabilities (P< 0.01). Therefore, the mentioned results, aligning with other findings, provided basic application of such games for children with learning neuropsychological disabilities.

The purpose of this paper is to determine the role of Big Five Personality Factors in prediction of patience and its components in students. For this, 516 students in University of Shiraz were selected by cluster sampling using probable proportion to sample size and participated in this survey by completing personality’s main five factors questionnaire (short form) and patience scale. Simultaneously, multiple regression analysis showed that five main factors except opening in experience predicted total score of patience. Also, these five factors predicted total score of patience’s components. Findings indicated that characteristic factors are related to patience. Therefore, in application of patience education strategies considering the characteristics of clients is important.

This paper aims to identify and compare level of self-esteem in self- handicapping in champion and non-champion athlete students in Physical Education and Sport Science College. The methodology for this research is post-event and statistical population was 975 students in Physical Education and Sport Science College in Azad University of Karaj in 2011-2012 academic year in which 115 students were selected based on gender, academic major and championship status using stratified sampling and Borg and Gal sample estimation formula. The survey tools were Jones and Rhodewalt self- handicapping and Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaires. The data were analyzed using single-variable two-way variance, correlation coefficient and single-variable regression. Findings showed more self-esteem for champion athlete students compared to those without any silverware. But no significant difference was observed for self-esteem and self-handicapping level between female and male champion and non-champion athletes. The relationship between self-esteem and self-handicapping for male athletes was stronger than that of females while the relationship between self-handicapping and self-esteem was vice versa. Findings showed that self-esteem and self-handicapping could predict each other. And since reverse relationship between self-esteem and self-handicapping in non-champion was stronger than that of champion students, self-esteem and self-empowerment could be improved by providing bases for achievements.

Childhood is one of the most crucial and important stages throughout the life. In the world in where many adult individuals suffer from irrational thoughts and their consequences, attention to sensitive age of childhood is important for educating rational thoughts. This survey was conducted aimed to survey effectiveness of implementing philosophy education to children on reduction of irrational thoughts in 6th year students in Brujen. For this, two classes were selected by cluster random sampling. Then 15 students were randomly selected for each class and one class was determined as experimental group and the other was labled as control group through random replacement method. The two groups were surveyed and compared in pre-test and post-test plan in a way in which after implementing pre-test on both groups, 15 sessions of philosophy education to children were held for experimental group. At the end, both groups attended in post-test. In order to control effects of pre-test, data of this survey were analyzed by covariance. Findings showed that philosophy program for children has significantly reduced irrational thoughts in experimental group. This meaningful reduction has been observed in all minor-scales of children’s non-rational thoughts questionnaire except lack of tolerance against work failures.

This survey is conducted aimed to survey the relation between critical thought skill and quality of life, social acceptance and appreciation of medical science students. This is descriptive correlation survey. Data gathering tools were five questionnaires of Watson & Glaser critical thought, world health organization quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), GHQ-12, Marlowe – Crowne Social Desirability Scale – short, and Gratitude Questionnaire. Statistical population in this survey is all of medical science students in Shahed University while 100 students were selected as survey sample using stratified random sampling. Correlation test, multi-variable linear regression, and t-test were used for data analysis. Findings indicated that surveying the relation between critical thought and mental health describes existence of positive and significant relation between assessment of proofs from critical thought and mental health (p< 0.05) and negative and significant relation between deduction and interpretation of critical thought with mental health (p<0.01). In addition, there is negative and significant relation between deduction of critical thought with social acceptance while correlation between critical thought and gratitude was positive and significant. Also, critical thought and quality of life was positive and significant. Results showed that totally the five variables determined 32% for critical thought variance

Anger and its control among juveniles and youngsters has significant importance and of the main reasons for referring to psychology therapy centers is anger and fierce. Therefore, conduction of studies on anger reduction and improvement of its control mechanism is important affair. This research is conducted aimed to survey impact of Cognitive -behavioral intervention on high school students’ control of anger. This is quasi-experimental survey. Subjects of survey includes 30 students in 7th year in Shahed high school volunteer for participating in workshop who were selected by available sampling. These subjects were categorized in two groups and then participated in seven 2-hour sessions (one session per week) of anger management education identical intervention. Survey tool was Spielberger State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2) which was completed by students before and after education. Multi-variable variance analysis results represented significant increase of internal anger control in sample after training course. So, it could be concluded that anger management and control could be achieved by Cognitive -behavioral intervention.

The purpose of this paper is to survey effectiveness of behavioral-mindfulness intervention on self-concept promotion and life quality improvement of female students with negative body image. After applying Multi-dimensional Body-Self Relationship Questionnaire (MBSRQ), 30 females with scores under 160 and 33 respectively in MBSRQ and Body Areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS) were selected and categorized in two 15-person test and control groups. The subjects in both groups replied to all the items of MBSRQ, Beck Self-concept and Life Quality questionnaires before and after intervention. Data analysis was done after 12 sessions of behavioral-mindfulness using SPSS software 16th version and variance analysis test. Findings showed that there is significant difference between test and control groups in relation to body image and self-concept, representing improvement of them in subjects. But life quality changes in test group were not significantly different from control one. Considering the above-mentioned findings, it could be stated that behavioral-mindfulness intervention with modification of behavioral and conceptual components related to body image improves individuals’ judgment on their own body and rationalizes their perception of it leading to improvement of satisfaction of body and self-concept

ADHD is one of common neuropsychological disorders in childhood and continuing to adulthood and disturbs various dimensions of individual’s life such as personal affairs, social interactions, professional life, executive performance like active memory and concentration etc. There are numerous works on treatment of this type of disorder. Considering the lack of studies on neuro-feedback in adults, this research was conducted. For this purpose, this survey tries to determine effectiveness of neuro feedback in reduction of attention and concentration deficit symptoms in ADHD adults. This is experimental research pre-test and post-test as well as control group. Statistical population includes adults with ADHD referring to Atiye Clinic in Tehran. Two groups of experimental and control, each one composed of 8 people, were selected using purposive sampling. Research tools were Beck Stress Questionnaire, Beck Depression Questionnaire, Barkely Adults ADHD Questionnaire, IVA Test, and CNSVS test. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and Mann Whitney statistical test. Also, independent t-test, Wilcoxon, and Kruskal Wallis were applied for further results. Findings showed that neuro-feedback significantly reduced attention and concentration deficit symptoms in ADHD adult experimental group compared to control one. Therefore, neuro-feedback could be suggested for reduction of attention deficit symptoms and reduction of ADHD in adults.

Although the relation between schizotypy and depression has been completely approved but limited attention has been dedicated to rumination as a mediator for this relation. Therefore, this research was conducted aimed to identify the relation between schizotypy and depression according to mediator role of rumination. For this purpose, 200 students in Kharazmi University (130 females and 70 males) were selected using stage cluster sampling in a correlation-descriptive survey. Data gathering tools were schizotypal personality questionnaire (SPQ), Beck depression inventory (BDI- II), and rumination reply scale (RRS). Data were analyzed by SPSS using Pearson correlation and regression analysis. Findings showed that there is significant relation between schizotypy, depression and rumination (P<0.05). Also, there is significant relation between schizotypy, depression and rumination components, namely brooding and reflection (P<0.05). Finally, results indicated that rumination and its components could be trivial mediator for relation between schizotypy and depression (p<0.05). Findings showed that individuals with high score of schizotypy represent more depression symptoms due to rumination mechanism

Overweight and fatness in childhood and juvenile periods in Iran and around the world has been significantly increased. Despite overweight is not considered as psychological disorder, it leads to many problems including behavioral issues. This research tries to predict disorders in primary school students with overweight. Statistical population is all of primary school students in Tehran while 260 students were selected as sample using cluster sampling. The main tool in this survey was children behavior check list (CBCL). Using logistic regression, results showed that overweight forecasts somatoform disorder and age of children in significant level (P<0.05) while emotional problems, anxiety, parents’ education and job and child’s gender is not predicted by overweight. According to the results since somatoform predicts overweight, representing body’s critical issues, making parents informed and changing their view about overweight and fatness and therefore behavioral problems seems to be necessary. So, planning and policy making is suggested for children’s health

oThis paper aims to compare meta-cognitive beliefs in obsessive compulsive disorder patients with poor and good insight and healthy individuals. For this purpose, 19 and 4 OCD patients with respectively good and poor insight (based on their score in Brown test 11th item) and 26 healthy persons were selected by available sampling. Data analysis was done by Brown test, BDI-II questionnaire, GHQ-12, and MCQ-30. Findings showed that OCD patients significantly gained more score in subscale of negative beliefs about uncontrollability, danger, cognitive confidence, and need to thought control, compared to healthy people. But comparing OCD with good and poor insights indicated no differences in meta-cognitive beliefs. Therefore, it could be stated that meta-cognitive beliefs have special importance in obsessive disorder.

The purpose of this paper is to determine reliability (internal consistency) and validity of satisfaction with life scale in two samples of Iranian students. The first sample was composed of 866 persons (490 females and 376 males) with average age of 22.60 while the second one was composed of 300 persons (131 females and 169 males) with average age of 20.87. All the subjects were asked to answer to satisfaction with life scale. Subjects in the second group replied to emotional balance, social welfare, and psychological welfare scales along with answering to satisfaction with life scale. Conformity and exploratory factor analysis, t-test for independent groups, and correlation analysis with Bonferroni modification were used for data analysis. A factor was extracted by exploratory factor analysis. The resulted factor defined 63.40 variance for scores. Conformity factor analysis supports SWLS single-factor structure. There was positive correlation between this scale and other scales of welfare while its alpha coefficient was equal to 0.87. finally, reliability for scale retest was 0.92. Findings showed that this scale has single-factor structure and appropriate validity and reliability. Therefore it could be applied for Iranian samples

In order to draw MMPI-2-RF, this paper has history-content review on formation and evolution of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and MMPI-2 as well as manner of versions integration, criticizing previous versions in order to deeply survey MMPI-2-RF. Of course, this paper is not conducted to study implementation methods, scoring, and interpretation of MMPI and if MMPI validity and reliability was referred in version criticism process, it has been vital to the subject.